සිවුමංසල කොලූගැටයා #30: නීතිය, සාමය, ජාතික ආරක‍ෂාව හා ඉන්ටර්නෙට්

Text of my weekly column, printed in Ravaya newspaper on 4 September 2011. This week I take off from the role of social media in fuelling, as well as countering the recent London riots – and discuss how governments, telecom operators and law enforcement authorities should respond to the always on, pervasive connectivity now enabled by mobile phones and other devices.

Tweeting while London burns?

2011 අගෝස්තු 6 සිට 11 වනදා අතර කාලයේ බ්‍රිතාන්‍යයේ ලන්ඩන් ඇතුළු නගර ගණනාවක වීදි කලහ කිරීම්, පොදු හා පෞද්ගලික දේපල ගිනි තැබීම් හා කොල්ලකෑම් සිදුවුණා. සාමාන්‍යයෙන් සාමකාමී රටක් ලෙස ප්‍රකට බ්‍රිතාන්‍යයේ මේ සිදුවීම් නිසා එරට පමණක් නොවෙයි මුළු ලෝකය ම කැළඹීමට පත් වුණා. මේ ගැන ප්‍රවෘත්ති වාර්තාකරණය දුර සිට බලා සිටි මගේ වැඩි අවධානය යොමු වුණේ ජංගම දුරකථන සේවා හා ඉන්ටර්නෙට් මාධ්‍යයන් මේ කලහයන්ට බද්ධ වූ ආකාරය ගැනයි.

ඇතැම් කලහකරුවන් තම ප්‍රචන්ඩ ක්‍රියා සම්බන්ධීකරණයට මේ සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් යොදා ගත් බව සනාථ වී තිඛෙනවා. එහෙත් ඊට වඩා අති විශාල සංඛ්‍යාවක් සාමකාමී ජනයා නීතිය හා සාමය රැකීමටත්, ප්‍රහාරයන්ට ගොදුරු වූ පොදු හා පෞද්ගලික ස්ථාන පිලිසකර කිරීමටත් එම සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් ම යොදා ගත් සැටි ද වාර්තාගතයි. හොදට නරකට දෙකට ම දායක විය හැකි තොරතුරු තාක‍ෂණයන් හා සන්නිවේදන සේවා ගැන අපේ ප්‍රතිචාරය විය යුත්තේ කුමක් ද? ඒවායේ නියාමනය කෙසේ විය යුතු ද?

නීතිය හා සාමය කඩ වූ අවස්ථා වල දැඩි ස්ථාවරයක සිටීමට ඕනෑ ම රටක රජයට සමාජයීය බලපෑම් එල්ල වනවා. ඇති වූ කලහකාරී තත්ත්වය ගැන බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය අගමැති ඩේවිඩ් කැමරන් අගෝස්තු 11 වනදා පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ විශේෂ ප්‍රකාශයක් කළා. කලහකරුවන්ට එරෙහිව රටේ පවත්නා නීතිය දැඩි සේ ක්‍රියාත්මක කරන බවට ප්‍රතිඥා දෙමින් ඔහු කියා සිටියේ මේ ගිනි තැබීම්, කොල්ලකෑම්වලට තුඩු දුන් සමාජ හා ආර්ථීක සාධක ගැනත් ගැඹුරින් අධ්‍යයනයකට යොමු වන බවයි.

එම ප්‍රකාශයේදී මේ කලහකරුවන් සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණ හා Facebook, Twitter වැනි වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය (social media) යොදා ගත් ආකාරය ගැනත් ඔහු සදහන් කළා. “කලහකරුවන් වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය භාවිතය හරහා කාර්යක‍ෂම ලෙසින් සංවිධානය වූ බවක් අපට පෙනී ගියා. නිදහසේ තොරතුරු ගලා යාම සමාජයට හිතකර බව ඇත්තයි. එහෙත් එම නිදහස ම සමාජයට එරෙහිවත් යොදා ගත හැකියි. සමාජ විරෝධී පුද්ගලයන් නීති විරෝධී ක්‍රියා සදහා වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය යොදා ගන්නා විට අප එය නතර කළ යුතුයි. ඒ නිසා පොලීසිය, බුද්ධි සේවා ගැන සන්නිවේදන සමාගම් සමග අප කථා කරනවා. ඉදිරියේදී මෙබදු අවස්ථාවල නීතිවිරෝධී ප්‍රචන්ඩ ක්‍රියා ස`දහා වෙබ් අඩවි, දුරකථන සේවා හෝ වෙනත් වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය තාක‍ෂණයන් යොදාගන්නා බව පෙනී ගිය හොත් එයට ඇති ඉඩකඩ නැති කළ හැකිද නැති කළ යුතු ද කියා.”

බ්‍රිතාන්‍යයේ මේ සිදුවීම් වන අතරේ ඊට කිලෝමීටර් දහස් ගණනක් දුර අමෙරිකාවේ සැන්ෆ්රැන්සිස්කෝ නගරයේ තවත් සිදුවීමක් වාර්තා වුණා. BART නමින් හදුන්වන එනුවර දුම්රිය සේවය අගෝස්තු 12 වනදා පැය තුනක් පුරා ජංගම දුරකථන සේවාවල සංඥා දුම්රිය තුළ ඛෙදාහැරීම නතර කළා. ඊට දින කිහිපයකට පෙර පොලීසිය විසින් දුම්රියක් මතට නැගි පුද්ගලයකුට වෙඩි තබා මරා දැමීමට එරෙහිව දුම්රිය මගීන් සාමකාමී විරෝධතාවයක් සැළසුම් කර තිබුණා. BART සේවයේ ප්‍රධාන දුම්රිය ස්ථානයට මහ පිරිසක් එකවර රැස් වුවහොත් සේවා අඩාල විය හැකි බවත්, නීතිය හා සාමය කඩවිය හැකි බවත් කියමින් දුම්රිය බලධාරීන් දුරකථන සංඥා මෙසේ ක්‍රියා විරහිත කළා. මෙයින් කුපිත වූ ඇතැම් මගීන් දිගින් දිගට දුම්රිය සේවයට එරෙහිව විරෝධතා දක්වන්නට පටන් ගත්තා. ඒ අතර නිර්නාමික (Anonymous) නමින් හදුන්වන පරිගණක කි්‍රයාකාරීන් පිරිසක් BART සේවයේ පරිගණකවලට අනවසරයෙන් පිවිසී (hack කොට) බලපෑම් කළා.

A call to arms? Or to heal?
මේ සිදුවීම් වලට ආසන්න ම හේතූන් කුමක් වූවත් මෙබදු අවස්ථාවල (උසාවි නියෝගයකින් තොරව) දුරකථන හෝ ඉන්ටර්නෙට් සේවා තාවකාලිකව නතර කිරීමේ අයිතිය පොලීසියට හෝ දුම්රිය පාලකයන්ට හෝ නැති බවට අමෙරිකාවේ ප්‍රකාශන අයිතිය පිළිබ`ද ක්‍රියාකාරිකයන් දැඩි ලෙස තර්ක කරනවා.

ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදය උදෙසා උද්ඝෝෂණය කරමින් 2011 ජනවාරියේ ඊජිප්තු රටවැසියන් පෙළගැසෙන විට හිටපු ඒකාධිපති පාලක හොස්නි මුබාරක් එරට ඉන්ටර්නෙට්, දුරකථන හා මාධ්‍ය සේවා ක්‍රියා විරහිත කළා. එසේ කළේ සන්නිවේදන ජාලයන් හරහා ක්‍රියාකාරිකයන් මනා සේ සම්බන්ධීකරණය වීම වළක්වන්නටයි. එහෙත් එය අන්තිමේදී මුබාරක්ගේ වසර 30 ක පාලනයේ බිද වැටීම වඩාත් ඉක්මන් කළා. අමෙරිකාවේ එක් නගරයක සිදු වු ප්‍රවාහන සිදුවීම සමස්ත ඊජිප්තු රාජ්‍ය පෙරළිය සමග සැසදිය නොහැකි වුනත්, අවස්ථා දෙකේ ම මූලධර්මය එකයි.

නීතිය හා සාමය හෝ ජාතික ආරක‍ෂාව හෝ රැකීමට යයි කියමින් මහජන සන්නිවේදන සේවා අඩපණ කිරීමට නැතිනම් නතර කිරීමට බලධාරීන්ට නීතිමය හා සදාචාරාමය අයිතියක් ඇත් ද? ඒ අයිතිය ක්‍රියාත්මක කිරීමේදී පාලකයන් කුමන තුලනයන්ට හා අධීක‍ෂණයන්ට නතු විය යුතු ද? තොරතුරු සමාජයේ සීඝ්‍ර ප්‍රගමනය සමග මේ ප්‍රශ්න වඩාත් ප්‍රබල ලෙසින් මතුව එනවා. ලෝකයේ කිසිම රටක් මේ අභියෝගයන්ට මුහුණදීමේ සම්පූර්ණ ක්‍රමවේදයක් තවම සකසා ගෙන නැහැ. අද අවශ්‍ය වන්නේ ආවේගශීලී නොවී, අදාල සියළු පාර්ශවයන් මේ ගැන හොදින් වාද විවාද කිරීමයි. පරිනත ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයක් පවතින රටවල හා ශිෂ්ට සමාජවල ස්වභාවය එයයි. එහිදී රාජ්‍යයේ හෝ බලයේ සිටින රජයේ හෝ මතය පමණක් ක්‍රියාත්මක කිරීම සෑහෙන්නේ නැහැ.

බ්‍රිතාන්‍යයේ දැනට සිටින ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨතම විද්‍යා කතුවරයකු වන ඩේවිඩ් ඩික්සන් (David Dickson) මේ ගැන ඉතා මැදහත් විග්‍රහයක් කරනවා. සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයේ බල මහිමය හා පොදු සමාජ යහපත තුලනය කර ගැනීමේ අභියෝගයට දියුණු රටවල් මෙන් ම දියුණු වන රටවල් ද එක සේ මුහුණ දෙන බව SciDev.Net වෙබ් අඩිවියේ අගෝස්තු 19 වනදා කතුවැකිය ලියමින් ඔහු පෙන්වා දෙනවා.

ඔහු කියන හැටියට:”ඉදහිට ඇතැම් දෙනකු සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් නීති විරෝධී වැඩකට යොදා ගත් පමණින් මුළු තාක‍ෂණයක් ම දෝෂාරෝපණයට ලක් කිරීම හෝ ඒවා සීමා කිරීමට උත්සාහ කිරීම හො`ද නැහැ. තොරතුරු ගලනයේ හා අදහස් ප්‍රකාශනයේ සීමා ඇති කිරීමට එබදු සිද්ධීන් යොදා ගැනීම පරිනත සමාජයකට ගැලපෙන ප්‍රතිචාරයක් නොවෙයි. නවීන සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන්ගේ ඉමහත් බලය හ`දුනාගෙන, ඒවා වඩාත් වගකීම් සහිතව යොදා ගන්නේ කෙසේ ද යන්න තීරණය කළ යුතුයි.”

ඩේවිඩ්ගේ කතුවැකිය කියවන විට මට සිහිපත් වූයේ කලකට පෙර රාජ්‍යයට එරෙහිව අරගල කළ මෙරට උදවිය තැපැල් සේවය හා පුවත්පත්වල ලූහු`ඩු දැන්වීම් නිර්මාණශීලි ලෙස තමන්ගේ සන්නිවේදන ස`දහා යොදා ගත් ආකාරයයි.

අයහපත් පුවතක් රැගෙන එන පණිවුඩකරුට පහර දෙන්නට එපා (Don’t shoot the messenger!) යයි ප්‍රකට කියමනක් තිඛෙනවා. සමාජයේ විෂමතා හා අකටයුතුකම් ගැන මාධ්‍ය වාර්තා කරන විට එයින් අපහසුතාවයට පත් වන ඇතැම් අය මාධ්‍යවලට පහරදීම වැරදි ප්‍රතිචාරයක්. සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් හා ඒවා භාවිතා කරන අයගේ කි්‍රයා කලාපය යනු එකක් නොව දෙකක් බවටත්, සංඛ්‍යාත්මකව සුළුතරයක් අතින් සිදුවන තාක‍ෂණික නොපනත්කම් නිසා තොරතුරු සමාජයේ ඉදිරිගමනට වැටකඩුළු බාධක පැනවිය යුතු නැති බවටත් ඩේවිඩ් ඩික්සන් තර්ක කරනවා.

ඩේවිඩ් තවදුරටත් කියන හැටියට: “ලෝකයේ ඕනෑම තැනකට ක්ෂණිකව බද්ධවීමේ හැකියාව ලබා දෙන නූතන සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් අපට ලැබී ඇති දෙපැත්ත කැපෙන පිහියක් වගෙයි. සමාජ යහපතට පමණක් ඒවායේ හැකියාව යොදා ගන්නට අවශ්‍ය නීතිමය, සදාචාරමය හා අධ්‍යාපනික පසුබිම සකස් කිරීම අප කාගේත් ලොකු වගකීමක් වෙනවා. එහිදී ඉතා දැඩි (draconian) නීතිරීතිවලට වඩා අපට අවශ්‍ය වන්නේ නම්‍යශීලී, ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී හා සුමට ප්‍රතිචාරයක්. එමෙන් ම බ්‍රිතාන්‍යය, ඇමෙරිකාව වැනි ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී රටවල් නව සන්නිවේදන තාක‍ෂණයන් නියාමනය කරන්නේ කෙසේ ද යන්න ලෝකයේ සෙසු රටවල් ඉතා විමසිල්ලෙන් බලා සිටින බව ද අමතක නොකරන්න.”

විකිලීක්ස් වෙබ් අඩවිය හරහා තම තානාපති නිලධාරීන්ගේ රහස් වාර්තා හෙළිදරවු වන්නට ගත් විට ඇමෙරිකානු රජය මුහුණ දුන් අපහසුතාවයට සමාන තත්ත්වයකට ලන්ඩන් කලහයන්ගේ පසු බි්‍රතාන්‍ය රජය ද පත්ව සිටිනවා. අදහස් ප්‍රකාශනයේ හා තොරතුරු ගලනයේ මානව අයිතීන්ට දශක ගණනක් තිස්සේ සැබැවින් ම කැපවුණු එම රටවල වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය මතු කරන නව අභියෝගයන්ට මුහුණ දෙන්නේ කෙසේ ද යන්න ගැන ලොකු විවාදයක් සිදු වනවා.

පරිනත ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයක් පවතින බි්‍රතාන්‍ය වැනි රටවල හොඳ ලක්ෂණයක් නම් ඕනෑ ම නව ප්‍රතිපත්තියක් හෝ නීතියක් හෝ පුළුල් වශයෙන් ප්‍රසිද්ධ වාද විවාදයට ලක් වීම. අත්තනෝමතිකව කි්‍රයා කරන්නට බලයේ සිටින රජයට හෝ ආරක‍ෂක අංශවලට හැකියාවක් නැහැ. අගෝස්තු 24 වැනිදා ලන්ඩනයේ නගරාධිපති, පාලක කොන්සර්වේටිව් පාක‍ෂික බොරිස් ජොන්සන් වැදගත් ප්‍රකාශයක් කළා. අර්බුදකාරී අවස්ථාවල නව මාධ්‍යවල කි්‍රයාකාරීත්වය පාලනය කිරීමට හෝ තාවකාලිකව නතර කිරීමට හෝ වඩා සූක‍ෂම (smart) ප්‍රතිචාරය වන්නේ ඒවා හරහා සන්නිවේදනය වන තොරතුරු හා මතිමතාන්තර බුද්ධිසේවා මගින් අධ්‍යයනය කිරීම බව ඔහු කියනවා.

ඔහු තම ස්ථාවරය පැහැදිළි කළා: “ලන්ඩනයේ කළහකාරී කි්‍රයාවලට හේතු වූ බහුවිධ සාධක තිඛෙනවා. එමෙන්ම එයට සම්බන්ධ වූ අය විවිධ සන්නිවේදන ක්‍රම භාවිතා කළා. ලන්ඩන් පොලිස් අධිකාරීන් සමග මේ ගැන කථා කළ පසු මගේ අවබෝධය නම් අර්බුදකාරී අවස්ථාවක වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය හරහා හුවමාරු වන පණිවුඩ නීරීක‍ෂණය හා විශ්ලේෂණය වඩාත් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් බවයි. ඒ මාධ්‍ය තාවකාලිකව වසා දැමුවහොත් ඒවාට වඩා රහසිගත සන්නිවේදන ක්‍රමවලට කලහකරුවන් යොමු වන්නටත් හැකියි.”

අගෝස්තුවේ ප්‍රචණ්ඩ කි්‍රයා සිදුවන විට ම කලහකරුවන් හඳුනා ගැනීම සඳහා වෙබ් මාධ්‍ය යොදා ගන්නට ලන්ඩන් පොලීසිය උත්සුක වුණා. උදාහරණයක් හැටියට ප්‍රහාරයට ලක් වූ කඩ සාප්පු හා කාර්යාලවල සවිකර තිබූ ආවෘත පරිපථ වීඩියෝ කැමරා (CCTV) වලට හසු වූ ප්‍රහාරකයන්ගේ රූපරාමු පොලීසිය විසින් ත‍කසජනරගජදප නමැති ඡායාරූප හුවමාරු කර ගන්නා ජනපි්‍රය වෙබ් අඩවියේ ප්‍රසිද්ධ කරනු ලැබුවා. ප්‍රහාරකයන් හඳුනා ගන්නට මහජන උපකාර ඉල්ලා සිටියා.

නමුත් CCTV රූපරාමුවල හසු වී ඇති හැම කෙනකුගේ ම රූප කලහකරුවන්ගේ බව සැක හැර දැන ගන්නේ කෙසේ ද? ඒ මොහොතේ එතැන සිටි වික‍ෂිප්ත වූවත් ද රූපවලට හසු විය හැකියි නේද?

මෙබදු ප්‍රශ්නවලට තවමත් හරිහැටි පිළිතුරු නැහැ. නමුත් තොරතුරු සමාජයේ ප්‍රගමනයත් සමග අර්බුද අවස්ථාවල රජයන්, ආරක‍ෂක සේවාවන් හා තාක‍ෂණවේදීන් ක්‍රියා කරන ආකාරය ගැන තුලනාත්මකව හා ප්‍රවේශමෙන් සිතා බැලිය යුතු බව හා විවාද කළ යුතු බව නම් ඉතා පැහැදිලියි.

Was There Life Before Google (BG)? Sure, but try finding it!

Like many things, is Google a mixed blessing?

I now divide my life into two distinctive eras: Before Google (BG) and After Google (AG). The monumental ‘dividing event’ occurred somewhere in 1999 <em>Anno Domini (AD), when the now ubiquitous online phenomenon entered my life.

It was a good friend, photojournalist and new media activist Shahidul Alam, who first told me about this new kind of search engine with a funny-sounding name. Google. At that time, it was just a noun.

I was already weary of the simple, simplistic and yellow-page like listings offered by Yahoo, and welcomed this refreshing change. I immediately switched — and haven’t looked at another search engine in the past dozen years. And I also liked its cheerful, multi-coloured logo.

Things weren’t so slick or quick at the beginning, and even Google was learning by doing. We were still in the dial-up era, when 56 kbps Internet access speeds were still mostly an aspiration. Besides, there was far less content online, and far fewer ways to access and process it.

Where Google stood apart, from every other service, was in its better targeted search results. The research of any given quest was still in our hands, but narrowing down was helpful.

We’ve come a long way, and eons in Internet terms, since those early and murky days. With my always on, reasonably fast broadband connection, I now Google effortlessly many times day and night: I know I’m leaving a steady datastream of everything I look for, and that it can be traced, analysed and interpreted by anyone who can force Google to part with this back-end data (usually governments). But that’s the price I pay for Google’s versatile services.

I touched on this when I talked about ’21st Century Media: New Frontiers, New Barriers’ last month at Sri Lanka Press Institute on World Press Freedom Day, 3 May 2011. Here’s my PowerPoint:

A few weeks ago I tweeted “Was there life before Google?” My own tongue-in-cheek answer was: Sure, but I can’t easily locate anything from that period!

Not everyone appreciates Tweeted humour. I received a range of replies online and offline, mostly negative. Some cyber-skeptics faulted me for ‘deifying an American corporation like Google that is out take over the world’ (they haven’t heard the news!).

Others, school teachers and librarians among them, told me that Google has plenty to answer for. They lamented that many people have now forgotten the art and science of looking for a specific piece of information and imagery using well-organised information sources that combine physical and computer-based services. Professional information managers view Google as a superficial, hit-or-miss, much diluted version of their noble craft. Cyber take-away to be consumed on the run, as opposed to a gourmet meal to be partaken and enjoyed at leisure.

Sounds familiar?
I’m old enough to have used libraries diligently and regularly for several years of my working life. I still do, when I can’t easily locate something online — especially historical content that remains under-represented or non-existent on the web. For me, it’s not a question of either/or.

In fact, my frustration is that enough content from the pre-Internet period (much of history) is not yet available online in properly searchable ways. That includes my own personal archive. I’ve been producing journalistic output in the media for 25 years in print, radio and television outlets. The electronic media output is completely lost, and practically everything I wrote before 2000 AD (or Year 1 of my personal AG) is also not online. And my output in Sinhala, including my current Sunday column in the Ravaya newspaper, is not available online.

No, I don’t idolise Google as a global deity. But I thank Google a few times every day. Increasingly often, that includes times when I want to locate a specific reference to something I myself have written and published. This is what happens after writing several thousand pieces on a wide range of subjects and topics.

I envy those who can still recall precise details of their own vast bibliographies. As for me, I routinely turn to my usually reliable and well-informed friend Google. She rarely lets me down.

PS: One facility I stubbornly refuse to use is GMail. Google’s idea of a web-based email service never appealed to me, a Digital Immigrant who is not fully convinced about storing all my correspondence ‘in the cloud’. What really puts me off is how fleeting, erratic and often utterly incomprehensible GMail users are in their replies. There are a few honourable exceptions, but most GMailers I know are a confused and confusing bunch. I love you, Google, but when it comes to email, thanks but I’ll continue to operate my own accounts, branded on my own domain name.

FIFA World Cup 2010: Media Conquering Planet Football!

Most Earthlings have just spent a month on this!

“If you’re an alien planning to invade the Earth, choose July 11. Chances are that our planet will offer little or no resistance.

“Today, most members of the Earth’s dominant species – the nearly 7 billion humans – will be preoccupied with 22 able-bodied men chasing a little hollow sphere. It’s only a game, really, but what a game: the whole world holds its breath as the ‘titans of kick’ clash in the FIFA World Cup Final.

“Played across 10 venues in South Africa, this was much more than a sporting tournament. It’s the ultimate celebration of the world’s most popular sport, held once every four years. More popular than the Olympics, it demonstrates the sheer power of sports and media to bring together – momentarily, at least – the usually fragmented and squabbling humanity.”

This is the opening of my latest op ed essay, which appears in several print and online outlets this weekend. It’s timed for the finals of the FIFA World Cup 2010 – the most widely followed sporting event in the world, which will be played in Soccer City, Johannesburg, South Africa today, 11 July 2010. The Netherlands will meet Spain in this culmination of international football that has been distracting a good part of humanity for a month.

This sporting event is tipped to be the most-watched television event in history. Hundreds of broadcasters are transmitting the World Cup to a cumulative TV audience that FIFA estimates to reach more than 26 billion people. Some TV channels offer high definition (HD) or 3-D quality images to enhance the mass viewing experience.

The essay was written a few days ago, after the FIFA World Cup 2010 had reached the semi-finals stage. To be honest, I’m not an ardent football fan. But as an observer of popular culture, I’ve gladly allowed myself to be caught up in the current football frenzy. I just love to watch people who watch the game…

It’s a light piece written to suit the current global mood, but I acknowledge that the World Cup is really more than just a ball game. The basic thrust of my essay is to comment on the powerful mix of fooball and live coverage: “For the past month, the winning formula for unifying the Global Family seemed to be: international football + live broadcasts + live coverage via the web and mobile phones.”

The Times of India, 11 July 2010: Planet Football: Sports unites a fragmented humanity

The Sunday Times, Sri Lanka, 11 July 2010: Conquering Planet Football

Groundviews.org: Beam Me Up to Planet Football

United Colours of Football, courtesy FIFA
The essay builds on themes that I’ve already explored on this blog – for example, how President Nelson Mandela used the 1995 World Cup Rugby championship to unite his racially divided nation, as told in the movie Invictus.

I also touch on FIFA being a wielder of formidable soft power in the world today, arguably more influential than the United Nations.

Here’s my parting thought, on which I invite reader comment: “On second thoughts, those invading aliens don’t need to worry too much about the Earth’s political leaders or their armies. Without firing a single shot, the globalised media have quietly taken over our Global Village — and now it’s too late to resist! We can argue on its merits and demerits, but the facts are indisputable.”

Why are ‘Smart Mobs’ also very fickle? Looking for an antidote to fleeting activism

Smart but fleeting mobs?
‘Smart mobs’ is an interesting term for like-minded groups that behave intelligently (or just efficiently) because of their exponentially increasing network links.

The idea was first proposed by author Howard Rheingold in his 2002 book, Smart Mobs: The Next Social Revolution. It deals with the social, economic and political changes implicated by developing information and communications technology. The topics range from text-messaging culture and wireless internet to the impact of the web on the marketplace.

In the eight years since the book first appeared, we’ve seen a proliferation and evolution of smart mobs, fuelled by the growth web 2.0 tools and, more recently, the many and varied social media. In fact, author Rheingold is credited with inventing the term virtual communities.

But the reality is that smart mobs can also be very fickle — their attention can be easily distracted. A smart mob can disperse just as fast as it forms, even while its original provocation remains.

This was demonstrated in dramatic terms in June 2009. Following a hotly disputed presidential election in Iran, there was a surge of online support for pro-democracy activists there who launched a massive protest. A main point of convergence for online reporting and agitation was micro-blogging platform Twitter. Within a few days, mainstream media like TIME and Washington Post were all talking about this phenomenon in gushing terms.

'Rescued' by Michael Jackson?
Then something totally unexpected happened. On June 25, Michael Jackson’s sudden death in Los Angeles shocked the world. As the news spread around the world at the speed of light, it crashed some social networking sites and slowed down even the mighty Google. Online interest on Iran dipped — and never regained its former levels.

As I wrote at the time: “I have no idea if the Ayatollahs are closet fans of Michael Jackson. But they must surely have thanked the King of Pop for creating a much-needed diversion in cyberspace precisely when the theocracy in Tehran needed it most.”

Other recent experiences have demonstrated how online interest can both build up and dissipate very fast. Staying with a single issue or cause seems hard in a world where news is breaking 24/7.

Here’s a current example. Following the massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that started on 20 April 2010, local communities and environmental activists deployed various social media tools to track the unfolding disaster. BP, the giant oil company implicated in the disaster, has also tried to use social media to communicate its positions, but not too successfully. On Twitter, it was not BP’s official account but the satirical @BPGlobalPR that was dominating the online conversation. As one commentator wrote: “It is an object lesson in how social media can shape and control a company’s message during a crisis.”

Beyond PR?
By early July 2010, however, there were already signs that online interest on the issue was already waning — even as the oil continued to leak from this largest offshore oil spill in US history. In a detailed analysis of main social media platforms’ coverage of the issue, Mashable noted last week: “An estimated 100 million gallons or more of oil have surged into the Gulf of Mexico…Yet on Twitter, Google, blogs and even YouTube, we’re already wrapping up our collective discussion of the oil spill and how to repair its damage.”

Riding the wave can be fun, but waves form and break quickly. Those who want to use social media tools for social activism still need to learn how to hitch a ride with the ocean current beneath the fickle waves.

How I wish I could get some practical advice on this from a certain ancient mariner named Sinbad.

Updates from Tweet-land: Say it all in 140 characters…and why not?

Tweet, Tweet! Do you follow me yet?
I just passed the 500 mark in tweeting. That’s not a great number considering how some people tweet a dozen or more times every day. But I’m not into such high volume tweeting – the most I’ve done on a given day, I think, is half a dozen. So it took me several months to clock up 500.

I was a late-comer to Twitter. It was my friend David Brewer, new media activist, who persuaded me to sign up in late 2009. On his Media Helping Media website, he has been showcasing the new tools, platforms and opportunities for anyone to become a global media brand in just 100 minutes (he recently updated this quick guide, reducing the time to 60 minutes).

Since then, I’ve been learning the ropes and having fun. What started off as a way to share weblinks to my blog posts or other interesting online content has evolved – in just a few months – into an outlet where I can express my opinions on social, political or cultural topics of current interest. And as my regular readers know, I can be quite opinionated…

I don’t normally tweet about very personal experiences or impressions. But I do share insights from my frequent travels, and meetings with interesting people and ideas.

The past few months have provided me with ample material. I became single again in January, and am now trying to reboot my personal and professional lives, even as I raise a teen-aged daughter as a single parent. Meanwhile my country of anchor, Sri Lanka, is emerging from nearly three decades of civil war, and the trauma and militarisation that went with it, and is struggling to return to normal, peaceful days again. Both processes are fraught with many challenges, and the journey is also the destination.

Slowly but surely, I’ve realised that a good deal can be expressed in 140 characters or less that each tweet allows. The mandarins of verbosity may not agree, but as Shakespeare himself noted in Hamlet, ‘brevity is the soul of wit’. As a writer, I already knew the power of concise and precise expression, and Twitter has only challenged me to be compact, punchy and imaginative.

Looking back, I realise that my tweeting has come at some cost to my blogging. It’s not the only reason, or even the main one, but I’ve been blogging less in the past few months even as I tweeted more. Blogging entails more work, whereas tweeting is really micro-blogging on the run. I can tweet in under a minute whereas an average blog post – at the level of hotlinking and illustrating I like to do – can take between 30 mins to an hour.

As I juggle bread-and-butter with my multiple passions (or the ‘jam’ on top), I’ve had less time for more reflective and leisurely blogging this year. It doesn’t mean that my blog will go the way of the blogger in this cartoon – if anything, it serves me as a caution!

Cartoon courtesy Hugh MacLeod

I started tweeting as an occasional habit, but should have known better. It took me a while to realise that it’s become a habit. And then, when I spent a few days in Beijing in late May this year, I almost developed withdrawal symptoms (Twitter is officially blocked in China). My resulting blog post, Twitterless in Beijing, has been widely linked to and discussed.

On a technical note, I’m still quite old fashioned in that I don’t post new tweets from mobile phones or other hand-held devices – all my 500+ tweets so far have been posted from the web, using my regular browser. I have no immediate plans to go for a fancy new mobile phone or ipad or similar device. I know mobile internet is the new wave, but I don’t yet have the urge to be tweeting on the run – I can hold my ideas and communicative urges until I sit down at my laptop…

But who knows what changes would occur on the road to my 1,000th tweet?

Here’s a collection of spoofs on famous quotes, as they apply to Twitter and tweeting. Some are very funny!

7 ‘ups’: A rough guide to engaging social media in the public interest

Depictions of social media: Conversations Prism (left) and Social Media Starfish

As I wrote in an earlier blog post, in the of social media, we need to be as daring and adventurous as Sinbad. Like the legendary sailor of Baghdad, we have to take our chances and venture into unknown seas. Instead of maps or GPS or other tools, we must rely on our ingenuity, intuition and imagination.

During his seven voyages in the Indian Ocean, Sinbad had fantastic adventures going to magical places, surviving assorted monsters, and encountering a host of supernatural phenomena. Armed simply with his guts, wits and wanderlust, he sailed to places where no man had gone before, and certainly none had returned alive from!

Preparing for my Beijing session last week on using social media to communicate in the public interest, I did a good deal of web browsing and online reading. I came across many attempts to map or visually depict the social media (including two shown above). I also found some interesting lists and guidelines – my favourite so far is 10 Things Your Grandmother can Teach You about Social Media.

This inspired me to come up with my own rough guide to get you started and keep you going. As a salute to Sinbad’s seven voyages, I call it the 7-‘ups’.

Turn up. As Woody Allen famously remarked, eighty per cent of success is just…showing up. You won’t get anywhere by simply observing or critiquing from the sidelines. You have to wade in and set sail — for better or worse.

• Once we join the planetary conversation, we need to do some catch up. Find your feet – and niche – in the online world. The Internet turned 40 in 2009, and its graphical interface – the World Wide Web – is now 20. So much has happened in that time – and a lot has also been superseded. You need to know what’s on, and what’s not.

What's your winning combination?
• After catching up, we also need to keep up — at least with the mega trends. Large companies like Google – as well as hundreds of individual geeks – keep releasing new applications frequently, many for free use. Popular websites (such as Wired, Mashable and their local equivalents) help us navigate through these depths and currents.

• Next one is harder. We have to give up our baggage of old habits and attitudes picked up over the years. For many Digital Immigrants, leaving the comfort zone of paper was scary enough. How can we let go of complete control over our communication products and processes? But that’s just what the social media demand. It’s not a choice, but an imperative.

• It’s also helpful – though not quite essential – if we are less glum, prim, exacting and academic in how we relate to others in social media. In short, ease up, mate! There are some basic norms for online behaviour, but crusty intellectuals or matronly bureaucrats don’t gain much traction. Keep things short, focused and simple. And hey, it’s okay to be funny, cheeky and irreverent…

• Conversations in this realm can last for weeks, months or longer. Some topics and discussions tend to have ‘long tails’. When we start something online, we have to be clear when to engage whom and how. Equally important is knowing when to shut up. (A bore is a bore, offline or online!).

• And if all this is making you feel dizzy…just cheer up: there are no real experts in this field. No one is an authority. Everything is ‘in beta’. We are all learning by doing. Neither is there a definitive road map to the social media world. In fact, in this partly Undiscovered Country, there is plenty of scope to explore, innovate and be original.

Are you a land-lubber who doesn’t trust any seas? Let me then offer you another metaphor. Think of this as hitchhiking or back-packing online. Take your chances. Be adventurous. Discover a whole new world!

We have some advantages over Sinbad. The virtual world poses no real danger to our lives. But beware: social media can be very time-consuming and even addictive.

You have been warned.

Here, for some edu-tainment, is an interesting video on social media that I found on…YouTube:

A more compact version of the 7-Ups appears in MediaHelpingMedia

TV Will Save the World, says Charles Kenny in TIME’s ’10 ideas for next 10 years’

Photo by Reza Deghati

This is one of my favourite photos in media and development. It was taken by Reza Deghati, the renowned Iranian-French photojournalist (who works under the name Reza). I don’t know the story behind this photo, but even without a single word of annotation, it says a great deal.

I like this photo partly because it symobolises the enduring appeal of broadcast television in much of the developing world. For long years, the old-fashioned, boxy TV set used to be the top-selling consumer electronic item in the world — until the mobile phone came along. But even now, the much-maligned idiot box hasn’t lost its appeal to a significant section of humanity, never mind what the jaded academics and geeks might say.

So I was intrigued to read, in the latest issue of TIME Magazine, development economist Charles Kenny, reminding us that television is still the most influential medium around. In this gizmo-ridden new media age, it takes much courage to say so in public.

In a powerful short essay titled ‘TV Will Save the World’, he writes: “Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Forget the latest sleek iGadget. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions of the world, it remains the next big thing — poised, finally, to attain truly global ubiquity. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.”

Across the developing world, he says, some 60% of the households had their own TV set in 2005 — up from 45% in 1995. He adds: “Five million more households in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005, after the fall of the Taliban, which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013 — pushing the numbers to well beyond two-thirds of households.”

He ends his essay with these words that strongly resonate with me: “Too much TV has been associated with violence, obesity and social isolation. But TV is having a positive impact on the lives of billions worldwide, and as the spread of mobile TV, video cameras and YouTube democratize both access and content, it will become an even greater force for humbling tyrannical governments and tyrannical husbands alike.”

As Sir Arthur C Clarke, inventor of the communications satellie whose second death anniversary we mark this week, told me in a 2003 interview: “I’m not impressed by the attacks on television because of some truly dreadful programmes. I believe that every TV programme has some educational content. The cathode ray tube – and now the plasma screen – is a window to the world. Often it may be a very murky window, but I’ve slowly come to the conclusion that, on balance, even bad TV is preferable to no TV at all.”

Kenny’s essay is one of 10 ideas for the next 10 years that TIME has put together for its annual innovation issue.

Image courtesy Foreign Policy
The TIME essay is a much compacted version of what he wrote in November 2009 issue of Foreign Policy magazine, titled Revolution in a Box. That article noted the continuing global spread of television sets and an explosion of viewer choice driven by cable, satellite and digital technologies. It suggested this is a good thing, pointing to evidence that access to competitive television can improve womens’ standing in the home, increase girls schooling, reduce fertility rates, lower drug use, improve governance and (possibly) help foster global peace.

The editors of Foreign Policy ran the following blurb: “It’s not Twitter or Facebook that’s reinventing the planet. Eighty years after the first commercial broadcast crackled to life, television still rules our world. And let’s hear it for the growing legions of couch potatoes: All those soap operas might be the ticket to a better future after all.”

The full essay is well worth a careful read. At a time when I have been questioning many of the founding premises of my own work at TVE Asia Pacific, he has provided conceptual clarity and sharper focus.

Do we want a ‘Progress Bar’ for our lives?

I sometimes wish Life came with its own progress bar. [tweetmeme]

You know, that now familiar indicator on computer screens that shows how much of a task is done, and estimates what more remains — and for how long.

Wouldn’t it be interesting to know how much of our life is still left?

I’m not alone in this wish. In fact, whole cottage industries – such as astrology and palmistry – thrive on this universal curiosity to know what’s next, and what’s round the corner for ourselves.

Yet there is no known system of knowledge, or a proven technology, that can give us a customised, accurate answer. Everything that claims to do this is nothing better than a clever guess. Often, it’s not even that and only a complete rip-off…

The Undiscovered Country...
Then again, do we really want to know when we’re going to reach the end of the line (whether or not the mission is accomplished)?

Years ago, I watched a Star Trek episode that involved a world where everyone died at the same age. So all living persons knew how much time they had left, allowing them to sort their lives before it was too late.

I don’t think I’d want to live there. Not knowing how much of my life is left, and what’s in store for me in that remainder, makes living more interesting. Besides, I doubt if the chaos theory and randomness of the universe will ever allow such precise advance knowledge of anyone’s future…

As I turn 44 years today, I Googled for ‘progress bar + life’. Just for the heck and kick of it. I didn’t really expect to find an exact match, but I did. That’s the wonder of the web…

Progress Bar of Life is described as ‘a slightly morbid little web app’. It’s an innovation by an Australian geek named Andrew Ballard.

When I ran the quick and simple app, I received a slightly amusing result. Try it out, and see for yourself.

Always in a hurry?
Perhaps the inspiration came from Top Geek Steve Jobs, who is quoted on this website as saying: “Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life”

Still in the realm of marginally useful web apps, I also discovered timeanddate.com some weeks ago: it allows counting down or counting between any two dates. The result can be in days, hours, minutes or – for those who prefer such precision in their lives – even in seconds.

They tell me that I am exactly 16,071 days old today. Not a neat round figure as being 44 years, but there we are. (I somehow thought I’d lived for more days than that, but a quick manual calculation showed they are right.)

These counts are all very abstract anyway: our days and years are peculiar to the Earth — these measurements have no meaning beyond our home planet. Planetary rotation defines a day, while its revolution around the local star (in our case, the Sun) defines a ‘year’.

Another website, maintained by San Francisco’s excellent Exploratorium, allows me to calculate how old I would be if I lived on other planets of the Solar System where the rotation and revolution are different.

According to them, if I were to travel to the two planets closest to ours, I would be aged: 71.5 Venusian years on Venus; and 23.3 Martian years on Mars.

And if I want to melt my years away, I have to travel further to the outer planets: on Jupiter, I will be 3.7 Jovian years, and I’ll not even be 2 in Saturnian years! Wow…

On second thoughts, I think I’ll just stay on here.

Solar Eclipse 15 Jan 2010: New media slowly eclipsing MSM in Sri Lanka?



The Annular Solar Eclipse, best seen from northern Sri Lanka and southern India on 15 January 2010, was not only a rare celestial event; it also marked a turning point in how the mainstream media (MSM) and new media cover a wide-spread news event (albeit a highly predictable one).

Where the island of Sri Lanka was concerned, it was the first solar eclipse of the broadband internet era — and that showed.

The last solar eclipse seen in Sri Lanka was two generations ago, on 20 June 1955. That was almost pre-historic in mass media terms. The newly independent Ceylon had a single, state-owned radio station and a handful of newspapers. There was no television, and the internet was not even conceived.

Yet, paradoxically, the media’s influence over the 8 million people then living on the island seem to have been greater at the time. As astronomer Dr Kavan Ratnatunga recalled: “A quack physician cum astrologer, recommended that women wanting to become fair and lovely should drink a decoction of which the main ingredient was “Vada Kaha” (Sweet Flag or Acorus Calamus) at the time of the total eclipse, preferably unseen by others. Many who took his advice ended up in hospital.”

Solar eclipse on 15 Jan 2010 seen in Anuradhapura, north-central Sri Lanka - photos by Reuters
In contrast, in 21st Century Sri Lanka, the January 15 eclipse was not much of a news story. I don’t claim to have done a systematic analysis, but my impressions are drawn from scanning the major newspaper websites in English and Sinhala, and surfing the dozen or more terrestrial (free-to-air, not cable) TV channels that were on the air during the three hours or so of the eclipse. (Sorry: I missed out radio, and I’m not proficient in Tamil.)

Broadcast television was my biggest disappointment. Solar eclipses are a visual spectacular, and literally heaven-sent for live television. Yet, not a single Lankan TV channel carried a live broadcast of the event, either from northern Sri Lanka where it was best seen (in its annular form, with ‘ring of fire’ effect), or from elsewhere on the island as a partial eclipse.

It seemed as if the Colombo-based media were completely preoccupied with the intense build-up to the presidential election scheduled for 26 January 2010 — a case of politics eclipsing the solar eclipse?

Jaffna school children view the solar eclipse - Photo courtesy Virakesari

But there were a couple of honourable exceptions – and thank heavens for that! One was the leading Tamil daily Virakesari, which sponsored an expedition to Jaffna, in northern Sri Lanka, by a group of professional and amateur astronomers from SkyLk.com. According to one member of this expedition, Thilina Heenatigala, this newspaper provided the widest and most uptodate coverage of the annular eclipse from Jaffna.

SkyLk.com collaborated with the Hindu College in Jaffna, whose playground was converted into an open air observation camp. Thilina says over 2,000 people – including school children and adults – had converged to witness the event. A large screen was set up on to which the live image from a telescope was projected.

Not far from there, a group of engineering students and teachers from the University of Moratuwa was doing a more scientific observation. Later that day, team leader Dr Rohan Munasinghe reported in an email: “We have recorded the solar eclipse from Kayts (lat 9d,37m N, Long 79d,58 E), the biggest island off Jaffna Sri Lanka. We have timestamped the video with GPS (Garmin 18) accuracy.”

University of Moratuwa team observing the clipse - photo courtesy Dr Rohan Munasinghe

The Sinhala Sunday newspaper Rivira was part of this university expedition. Its science editor Tharaka Gamage, himself an astronomy enthusiast, reported from the eclipse’s ground zero for his readers.

Elsewhere across the island of Sri Lanka, there was plenty of interest among the people from all walks of life — as seen from the thousands who stepped out during mid-day to take a peek at the celestial phenomenon. Not all of them followed the safety precautions to prevent eye damage, disseminating which the media had done a good job in the preceding days.

Clearly, this high level of public interest was not reflected in how the rest of Lankan mainstream media covered the eclipse. But if the mainstream media’s gaze was firmly fixed on the gathering election storm on the ground, the new media created opportunities for others to step into that void. Citizen scientists joined hands with citizen journalists to capture and share the eclipse with each other — and the world. These unpaid enthusiasts used commonly available digital tools and online platforms for this purpose.

Some of them uploaded dozens of photos for public viewing on image sharing sites like Flickr. A good example is what Shehal Joseph and Romayne Anthony did. There were many others.

SkyLk.com group was more ambitious: they actually webcast the eclipse live online from their public observation camp at Hindu College grounds. Stuck in Colombo with its sub-optimal viewing conditions for this eclipse, this was the best chance for people like myself to catch the annular part of the phenomenon.

“We were struggling with bandwidth limitations most of the time,” Thilina Heenatigala says. “We used a Dialog HSPA modem to connect to the web, and line speeds kept fluctuating. We were not the only ones uploading still photos or video to the web from different locations in northern Sri Lanka — and apparently all of us were slowing down each other.”

Being the tech-savvy planner he is, Thilina had alerted Dialog telecom company about the likely peaking of bandwidth demand. But he is not sure if any temporary enhancing was done, even though Dialog currently claims to be the ‘first and best’ to offer telecom coverage in the north. Certainly, the live eclipse webcast was not of uniform quality — it’s a small miracle it happened at all: until a few months ago, this was part of the theatre of war in northern Sri Lanka.

In fact, SkyLk.com had used the web to build up public awareness and interest using video trailers on YouTube. Here is one of several simulations they had up from December, thus one for Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka (simulation):



In the end, however, SkyLk.com became a victim of its own success. The live webcast was followed by hundreds, and then thousands of online visitors from different parts of the world. This apparently overshot the usual allocations provided by the offshore hosting company (in the US), which suspended the account. Right now SkyLk.com website is not accessible (as at 16 January 2010, 15:00 UTC/GMT).

Within hours of the eclipse, several individuals and groups also uploaded highlights of their eclipse videos on to the YouTube. Here are the most striking ones I came across in a quick search:

Solar Eclipse 2010 Sri Lanka Scientific Record – by University of Moratuwa
Scientific recording of the annular solar eclipse on 15 January 2010 was carried out from the Island Kayts (Lat +09d 37m North and Long +79d 58m East) of Sri Lanka.

Orion Video’s coverage from Nallur, Jaffna:

Not in the same league as the above two videos, this was Nishan Perera’s personal observations from Ratnapura, south-western Sri Lanka:

It’s too early to draw firm conclusions from this random evidence, but in all likelihood, we passed thresholds in both citizen journalism and citizen science with this eclipse. Clearly, the mainstream media’s monopoly/domination over reporting of such an event has been shattered: their indifference will no longer stand in the way of information and images being disseminated.

Perhaps just as important, it is no longer possible for a couple of self-appointed ‘public astronomers’ to dominate the public information channels on an occasion like this, mostly for shameless self-promotion. As Dr Kavan Ratnatunga, President of the Sri Lanka Astronomical Association, noted in an article: “I am amazed as to how many who have never even seen a Solar Eclipse, will gladly talk about it to an equally ignorant journalist, resulting in some totally misleading and sometimes hilarious information being published in both the English and Sinhala media. In a nation which believes in pseudo astrology, I am sure it is just a matter of time before quacks start using it to predict influence on local events and politics. However, there is absolutely no influence on any person by any of these celestial events.”

At the end of the day, however, astronomy aficionados are emphatic that no amount of media coverage can really substitute the experience of being there and experiencing it ourselves. As Kavan says: “A solar Eclipse is event which must be experience and observed. No video can do justice to that experience. It can also become addictive. In the modern age when the Internet and TV can bring events to your home, one may wonder why some Eclipse chasers travel round the world to see an Eclipse of the Sun.”

The next solar eclipse visible from Sri Lanka will be on 26 December 2019. I wonder what kind of media and ICT landscape would cover that event…

All You Need is Love: When the world sang one song for HIV…

We must love one another or die...

Our planet is one, but our world speaks and sings in a myriad tongues — and that’s part of our cherished cultural diversity. Once in a while, however, it’s good to see that cacophony morph into a symphony when the world shares a few moments — in awe, horror, love or happiness.

It happened last week when the world sang for an extremely good cause. On 7 December 2009 at 1:30pm GMT, Starbucks invited musicians from all over the world to sing together at the same time to raise awareness for HIV/AIDS in Africa. In one breathtaking moment, musicians from 156 countries played “All You Need is Love” together. The live participation of most nations together to sing this song became a Guinness world record.

Watch now, as musicians from all around the world come together and share a song.

My former colleague Buddhini Ekanayake joined this global production by coordinating the input from Sri Lanka. “Personally, I am really glad to take part in this event together with my team, on behalf of Watermelon Creatives,” she says on her blog, where she shares some info and images.

You can still join in by lending your own voice to the Starbucks Love Project.. Watch streaming video from countries around the world and then join in by singing All You Need is Love yourself. For each video submitted, Starbucks will make a contribution to the Global Fund to help fight against AIDS in Africa. You can also help increase the Starbucks contribution to the Global Fund by submitting a drawing to the Love Gallery.

The global sing-along is part of our continuing efforts to help fight AIDS in Africa. In just one year in partnership with (RED), Starbucks has generated money equivalent to more than 7 million days of medicine to help those living with HIV in Africa.

“All You Need Is Love” is a song written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon/McCartney. It has been associated with path-breaking initiatives before. It was first performed by The Beatles on Our World, the first live global television link. Watched by 400 million in 26 countries, the programme was broadcast via satellite on 25 June 1967.